Bugzilla::Object - A base class for objects in Bugzilla.
my $object = new Bugzilla::Object(1);
my $object = new Bugzilla::Object({name => 'TestProduct'});
my $id = $object->id;
my $name = $object->name;
Bugzilla::Object is a base class for Bugzilla objects. You never actually create a Bugzilla::Object directly, you only make subclasses of it.
Basically, Bugzilla::Object exists to allow developers to create objects more easily. All you have to do is define DB_TABLE, DB_COLUMNS, and sometimes LIST_ORDER and you have a whole new object.
You should also define accessors for any columns other than name or id.
Frequently, these will be the only things you have to define in your subclass in order to have a fully-functioning object. DB_TABLE and DB_COLUMNS are required.
DB_TABLEThe name of the table that these objects are stored in. For example, for Bugzilla::Keyword this would be keyworddefs.
DB_COLUMNSThe names of the columns that you want to read out of the database and into this object. This should be an array.
Note: Though normally you will never need to access this constant's data directly in your subclass, if you do, you should access it by calling the _get_db_columns method instead of accessing the constant directly. (The only exception to this rule is calling SUPER::DB_COLUMNS from within your own DB_COLUMNS subroutine in a subclass.)
NAME_FIELDThe name of the column that should be considered to be the unique "name" of this object. The 'name' is a string that uniquely identifies this Object in the database. Defaults to 'name'. When you specify {name = $name}> to new(), this is the column that will be matched against in the DB.
ID_FIELDThe name of the column that represents the unique integer ID of this object in the database. Defaults to 'id'.
LIST_ORDERThe order that new_from_list and get_all should return objects in. This should be the name of a database column. Defaults to "NAME_FIELD".
VALIDATORSA hashref that points to a function that will validate each param to "create".
Validators are called both by "create" and "set". When they are called by "create", the first argument will be the name of the class (what we normally call $class).
When they are called by "set", the first argument will be a reference to the current object (what we normally call $self).
The second argument will be the value passed to "create" or "set"for that field.
The third argument will be the name of the field being validated. This may be required by validators which validate several distinct fields.
These functions should call "ThrowUserError" in Bugzilla::Error if they fail.
The validator must return the validated value.
UPDATE_VALIDATORSThis is just like "VALIDATORS", but these validators are called only when updating an object, not when creating it. Any validator that appears here must not appear in "VALIDATORS".
Bugzilla::Bug has good examples in its code of when to use this.
VALIDATOR_DEPENDENCIESDuring "create" and "set_all", validators are normally called in a somewhat-random order. If you need one field to be validated and set before another field, this constant is how you do it, by saying that one field "depends" on the value of other fields.
This is a hashref, where the keys are field names and the values are arrayrefs of field names. You specify what fields a field depends on using the arrayrefs. So, for example, to say that a component field depends on the product field being set, you would do:
component => ['product']
UPDATE_COLUMNSA list of columns to update when "update" is called. If a field can't be changed, it shouldn't be listed here. (For example, the "ID_FIELD" usually can't be updated.)
REQUIRED_FIELD_MAPThis is a hashref that maps database column names to "create" argument names. You only need to specify values for fields where the argument passed to "create" has a different name in the database than it does in the "create" arguments. (For example, "create" in Bugzilla::Bug takes a product argument, but the column name in the bugs table is product_id.)
EXTRA_REQUIRED_FIELDSNormally, Bugzilla::Object automatically figures out which fields are required for "create". It then always runs those fields' validators, even if those fields weren't passed as arguments to "create". That way, any default values or required checks can be done for those fields by the validators.
"create" figures out which fields are required by looking for database columns in the "DB_TABLE" that are NOT NULL and have no DEFAULT set. However, there are some fields that this check doesn't work for:
bugs table can be NULL, so it won't be caught as being required. However, in reality it defaults to the component's initial_qa_contact.)Any field matching the above criteria needs to have its name listed in this constant. For an example of use, see the code of Bugzilla::Bug.
NUMERIC_COLUMNSWhen "update" is called, it compares each column in the object to its current value in the database. It only updates columns that have changed.
Any column listed in NUMERIC_COLUMNS is treated as a number, not as a string, during these comparisons.
DATE_COLUMNSThis is much like "NUMERIC_COLUMNS", except that it treats strings as dates when being compared. So, for example, 2007-01-01 would be equal to 2007-01-01 00:00:00.
newThe constructor is used to load an existing object from the database, by id or by name.
If you pass an integer, the integer is the id of the object, from the database, that we want to read in. (id is defined as the value in the "ID_FIELD" column).
If you pass in a hashref, you can pass a name key. The value of the name key is the case-insensitive name of the object (from "NAME_FIELD") in the DB. You can also pass in an id key which will be interpreted as the id of the object you want (overriding the name key).
Additional Parameters Available for Subclasses
If you are a subclass of Bugzilla::Object, you can pass condition and values as hash keys, instead of the above.
condition is a set of SQL conditions for the WHERE clause, which contain placeholders.
values is a reference to an array. The array contains the values for each placeholder in condition, in order.
This is to allow subclasses to have complex parameters, and then to translate those parameters into condition and values when they call $self-SUPER::new> (which is this function, usually).
If you try to call new outside of a subclass with the condition and values parameters, Bugzilla will throw an error. These parameters are intended only for use by subclasses.
A fully-initialized object, or undef if there is no object in the database matching the parameters you passed in.
checkChecks if there is an object in the database with the specified name, and throws an error if you specified an empty name, or if there is no object in the database with that name.
The parameters are the same as for "new", except that if you don't pass a hashref, the single argument is the name of the object, not the id.
A fully initialized object, guaranteed.
If you implement this in your subclass, make sure that you also update the object_name block at the bottom of the global/user-error.html.tmpl template.
new_from_list(\@id_list) Description: Creates an array of objects, given an array of ids.
Params: \@id_list - A reference to an array of numbers, database ids.
If any of these are not numeric, the function
will throw an error. If any of these are not
valid ids in the database, they will simply
be skipped.
Returns: A reference to an array of objects.
matchGets a list of objects from the database based on certain criteria.
Basically, a simple way of doing a sort of "SELECT" statement (like SQL) to get objects.
All criteria are joined by AND, so adding more criteria will give you a smaller set of results, not a larger set.
A hashref, where the keys are column names of the table, pointing to the value that you want to match against for that column.
There are two special values, the constants NULL and NOT_NULL, which means "give me objects where this field is NULL or NOT NULL, respectively."
In addition to the column keys, there are a few special keys that can be used to rig the underlying database queries. These are LIMIT, OFFSET, and WHERE.
The value for the LIMIT key is expected to be an integer defining the number of objects to return, while the value for OFFSET defines the position, relative to the number of objects the query would normally return, at which to begin the result set. If OFFSET is defined without a corresponding LIMIT it is silently ignored.
The WHERE key provides a mechanism for adding arbitrary WHERE clauses to the underlying query. Its value is expected to a hash reference whose keys are the columns, operators and placeholders, and the values are the placeholders' bind value. For example:
WHERE => { 'some_column >= ?' => $some_value }
would constrain the query to only those objects in the table whose 'some_column' column has a value greater than or equal to $some_value.
If you don't specify any criteria, calling this function is the same as doing [$class->get_all].
An arrayref of objects, or an empty arrayref if there are no matches.
createDescription: Creates a new item in the database. Throws a User Error if any of the passed-in params are invalid.
Params: $params - hashref - A value to put in each database field for this object.
Returns: The Object just created in the database.
Notes: In order for this function to work in your subclass, your subclass's "ID_FIELD" must be of SERIAL type in the database.
Subclass Implementors: This function basically just
calls L</check_required_create_fields>, then
L</run_create_validators>, and then finally
L</insert_create_data>. So if you have a complex system that
you need to implement, you can do it by calling these
three functions instead of C<SUPER::create>.
check_required_create_fieldsPart of "create". Modifies the incoming $params argument so that any field that does not have a database default will be checked later by "run_create_validators", even if that field wasn't specified as an argument to "create".
$params - The same as $params from "create".run_create_validatorsDescription: Runs the validation of input parameters for "create". This subroutine exists so that it can be overridden by subclasses who need to do special validations of their input parameters. This method is only called by "create".
Params: The same as "create".
Returns: A hash, in a similar format as $params, except that these are the values to be inserted into the database, not the values that were input to "create".
insert_create_dataPart of "create".
Takes the return value from "run_create_validators" and inserts the data into the database. Returns a newly created object.
updateSaves the values currently in this object to the database. Only the fields specified in "UPDATE_COLUMNS" will be updated, and they will only be updated if their values have changed.
In scalar context:
A hashref showing what changed during the update. The keys are the column names from "UPDATE_COLUMNS". If a field was not changed, it will not be in the hash at all. If the field was changed, the key will point to an arrayref. The first item of the arrayref will be the old value, and the second item will be the new value.
If there were no changes, we return a reference to an empty hash.
In array context:
Returns a list, where the first item is the above hashref. The second item is the object as it was in the database before update() was called. (This is mostly useful to subclasses of Bugzilla::Object that are implementing update.)
remove_from_dbRemoves this object from the database. Will throw an error if you can't remove it for some reason. The object will then be destroyed, as it is not safe to use the object after it has been removed from the database.
These are used for updating the values in objects, before calling update.
setSets a certain hash member of this class to a certain value. Used for updating fields. Calls the validator for this field, if it exists. Subclasses should use this function to implement the various set_ mutators for their different fields.
If your class defines a method called _set_global_validator, set will call it with ($value, $field) as arguments, after running the validator for this particular field. _set_global_validator does not return anything.
See "VALIDATORS" for more information.
NOTE: This function is intended only for use by subclasses. If you call it from anywhere else, it will throw a CodeError.
$field - The name of the hash member to update. This should be the same as the name of the field in "VALIDATORS", if it exists there.$value - The value that you're setting the field to.set_allThis is a convenience function which is simpler than calling many different set_ functions in a row. You pass a hashref of parameters and it calls set_$key($value) for every item in the hashref.
Takes a hashref of the fields that need to be set, pointing to the value that should be passed to the set_ function that is called.
You can use these in your subclass "VALIDATORS" or "UPDATE_VALIDATORS". Note that you have to reference them like \&Bugzilla::Object::check_boolean, you can't just write \&check_boolean.
check_booleanReturns 1 if the passed-in value is true, 0 otherwise.
any_existReturns 1 if there are any of these objects in the database, 0 otherwise.
get_all Description: Returns all objects in this table from the database.
Params: none.
Returns: A list of objects, or an empty list if there are none.
Notes: Note that you must call this as C<$class->get_all>. For
example, C<Bugzilla::Keyword->get_all>.
C<Bugzilla::Keyword::get_all> will not work.